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(No Model.)` 2 Sheets-Sheet ii y 1.-s11-J7Bl?. 1 APPARATUS FOR PRODUGING FLAT OBJETS 0F GLASS. No. 528,240. l Patented oct. so, 1894.,

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APPARATUS FOR PRODUGING FLAT OBJBGTS 0F GLASS..

No. 528,240. Patented out. so, 1894.

' fnenior# ma A UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

rAUL siEvERT, or DHLEN, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FLAT OBJECTS OSF GLASS.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,240, dated October '30, 1894.

Application led December 18, 1893. Serial No. 493.973. (No model.) Patented in France September 29, 1892, No. 224.636; in Germany January 14, 1893,No. 71, 835; in Belgium May 5, 1893, No. 104,539, and in England May 11,1893,1 To. 9,466.

` ents have been obtained as follows: in Germany by patent of addition, No. 71,635, dated January 14, 1893; in France byl certificate of addition, dated February 13, 1893, to French patent No. 224,636, dated September 29, 1892; in Belgium by brevet de perfectionnement No. 104,539, dated May 5, 1893, and in Great Britain by Patent No. 9,466, dated May 11, 1893.

This invention relates to the stamping of flat objects of glass from a sheet of molten glass and especially to the stamping of such flat objects in such a way that they are left adhering to the sheet to be separated therefrom by grinding, as described in my application, Serial No. 450,674, filed November 1, 1892, for United States patent. The stamping of the objects from the sheet is performed by means of patterns or dies provided on a base consisting of a [iat plate or a roller and the present invention relates chiefly to the construction of such base and to the means of fastening thereto the fillets or strips which constitute the patterns or dies whereby the said patterns or dies may be easily changed. According to the present invention the said plate or roller is constructed with bars in a skeleton form and the strips which correspond in form with the outlines of the objects to be produced and which constitute the patternsv or open dies are fixed directly by screws or pins or indirectlyby counter-plates and screwbolts on the said bars or skeleton structure.

The skeleton or barred construction offers the following substantial advantages: The surface of the vroller or plate being thus broken up almost entirely with openings, the reflectedl heat from the glass sheet, over which4 the roller travels, o r upon which the plate is pressed, acts on the roller or plate in a totally dierent manner, than when the plate or roller surface is solid. The solid or plain upper surface is, by reason of its necessary thick-l ness and solidity, always 'comparatively cool on the top,c'. c., opposite the hot glass sheet, A

and chills the latter, the plastic condition of which should not be allowed to fall below a certain point, `in order to impart a good shape to the objects to be pressed out.V When the heat can rise through and permeate the roller or plate,it` heats all parts of the same uniformly, and thereby the necessary plasticity vof the glass sheetis not impaired. In ad` dition, when employing the solid rollers'or plates, the air imprisoned in the spaces formed by the devices, acts prejndicially on the glass sheet and on the surface-ofthe stamped articles; while with the skeleton or barred roller or plate, the air can escapey through the multitudinous perforations.

When fixing the pattern to the rollers or plates, the skeleton or barred construction vcurve of the rollers surface, and the patterns in this bent form serve to cast from, in some -material capable of withstanding the heat of .the glass sheet.

Y These pieces are then affixed to the bars or, skeleton surface of the roller.

Iris obvious that the fitting of the Skelelton or barred rollers or plates with patterns or open dies offers many advantages over the production of the rollers or plates and dies in one piece; also, finishing off the sharp edges and sides of the dies with a tile, to clean the castings, or to renew them after long use, is made much easier, when the dies have open spaces, and can be removed from the rollers or plates, than whenthe die and roller or plate are all in one piece or casting. A most substantialadvantage over the fixed dies is gained by the movable kind, in that the dierent sorts of dies formingV letters,

numerals, figures, ornaments, dsc., can be IOO turned and twisted about so that some devices little called for in business, can be rcmoved from the roller or plate and replaced by figures, dre., more frequently used.

In addition, complete arrangements, or.A

composite decorations in iiat glass, can be stamped out, these arrangements or decorations being built up on the skeleton cylinder or plate from separate straight, corner and center pieces, arranged together, which arrangements or composite decorations can be taken to pieces, and rel-arranged with the same pieces, in any convenient manner. By thus stamping, or pressing, by means of these dies mounted upon the skeleton cylinder, plate or frame, glass objects are produced having their under side fiat and the edges ot' the pattern rounded. The articles thus produced are satisfactory to the eye, inasmuch as they present a smooth rounded pattern on the upper surface with no sharp edges. The production of the rounded 0E pattern on the up per surface of these flat stamped out objects, is effected merely by the pressure of the dies in the plastic glass sheet, Without any lateral pressure on the glass within the dies. This result is favored by the perforations in the skeleton frame and roller, as the air (not imprisoned) is free to escape through the open spaces in the cylinder or plate, and consequently does not affect the surface of the glass, which rises between the slanting walls of the dies, which direct it slightly inward, and round oi the upper surface.

The skeleton or barred roller or plate with the taper diesthereon may be advantageously used for impressing figures, ornaments, letters, or numerals, in plastic sheets of glass down to a certain depth, and afterward grinding the sheets on one or both sides, so that ornamented sheets are produced, which, by the sloping sides of such impressions, will have a very handsome decorative and brilliant appearance.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a back view of a skeleton plate or frame and attached dies embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a transverse section in the line a: m of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an isometrical view illustrating my invention as adapted to a skeleton roller or cylindrical skeleton frame. Fig. 4 represents a plan of part of a skeleton frame with two patterns or dies of dierent kinds attached. Fig. 5 is a back view of part of a skeleton plate and attached patterns or dies illustrating a moditication of the means of attachment shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 representsa transverse section in the line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 represents a side view of part of a skeleton plate and attached die and a section of a sheet of glass on which the said die is in operation.

The bars a forming the frame (see Fig. 1) can be made in any convenient shape, either rectangular, as shown, or of any other suitable angle, in regular or irregular arrangement. The plate is furnished with letters on the back which form (for example) the word Patent.7 The separate letters are formed by means of taper strips b. It is necessary, for the formation of each letter, to use as many taper strips as the form of the letter demands. For example, the letters Pa and e, on account of the closed parts of the same, require the strips I) and 5*, while the letters t and n only require one taper strip b.

By making the plate of barred or skeleton form, spaces c are provided between the strips forming a letter and the plate, so that the air, during the pressing or rolling operation, can escape through the spaces c, and also the radiating heat from the glass surface can play upon the bars, and thus warm them through.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the strips may be secured by means of small screws d to the bars a, which small screws pass through the bars, and then into the broad base of the taper strips b bit.

A method of fastening the strips shown in Figs. 5 and 6, can also be used, that is to sayz- The strips b b* forming the letters, figures, numerals, dac., are furnished with cross bars e 6*. From these cross bars rise the stud bolts ffi, which will be so arranged as to pass through one or more spaces c in the plate. On the other side of the plate, corresponding counter cross bars g g* are placed upon the bolts, and screwed down by means of nuts h hi. By this kind of fastening the necessity for boring holes in the bars of the plate and the strips for screws is rendered unnecessary. Mounting and replacing the dies on the frame or skeleton plate is also rendered easy of eXe cution in this Way.

The plate with the strips forming the articles, is used in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the strips being pressed into the hot plastic glass sheet o to wholly or partially stam p out from, or to only impress their form in, the glass sheet.

All the foregoing, with respect to the manipulation and arrangement of the skeleton or barred frame, and the method of fixing the dies, applies equally Well to the skeleton or grid framed roller shown in Fig. 3 in isometrical view.

The skeleton or bar framework can be constructed from bars in any suitable way, and the mounting (or fixing) of the dies forming the patterns can be directly as Fig. 1 and e, or indirectly, as Figs. 5 and 6, applied to the surface of the roller or cylinder. It is, how

ever, self evident that the dies must be curved to correspond with the curve of the cylinder.

Fig.' 7 shows how the plastic glass mass o takes its fiat under side and curved upper surface when the dies b b* are pressed into it.

In Fig. 4 are shown, by Way of example, two composite gures formed of pieces, of

IOO

which the left hand one forms a frame, inclosing an oval opening, which frame may be stamped out of the still plastic glass mass, or else the inner and outer contours of the same are so far pressed into the glass surface, as to still form one with the sheet, and then ground on one or both sides, to enable them to be cut from the sheet by the grinding process, or to be otherwise easily removed. The

figure on the right hand is a decoration A, t0-

be used in combination with letters, the strips forming this decoration, and the letters, serving to stamp into the plastic glass mass, to decorate the same. The strips of both patterns of Fig. 4 are mounted on the skeleton or barred form of plate.

The process herein described of stamping a figure or design in a sheet of glass whilein a plastic state and afterward cutting the said figures or designs therefrom by grinding one side of the sheet is not a part of the present invention, neither is the flat glassware thus produced, but the said process is the subject of my application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 450,674, filed November 1, 1892, and the said glass-ware is the subject of my application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 505,832, filed March 31, 1894.

4What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination with a base of skele- 3o ton form composed of bars, of llets forming figures or patterns secured to said base, said base and fillets constituting a die through which openings are left inside and outside of the outlines of the so formed figures, sub- 3 5 stantially as herein described.

2. The combination of the base of skeleton or grid form, the dies furnished with cross bars e e* lying against the exterior of said base 'and with stud bolts f f* lprojecting 4o through said base, and the counter cross bars g g* and nuts h h* applied to said stud bolts at theback of said base, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as 45 my inventionI have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL SIEVERT.

Witnesses:

GEORG RICHTER, WILHELM WIESENHTTER. 

